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United States:

When used in a geographical sense comprises the several states, the District of Columbia and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , and the organized territories under the jurisdiction of the United States government.

United States Work:

1) In the case of published work, the work is first published —

A) In the United States ;

B) Simultaneously in the United States and another treaty party or parties, whose law grants a term of copyright protection that is the same as or longer then the term provided in United States;

C) Simultaneously in United States and a foreign nation that is not a treaty party, or

D) In a foreign nation that is not a treaty party, and all the authors of the work are nationals, domiciliaries, or habitual residents of or in the case of an audiovisual work legal entities which headquarters in United States ;

2) In the case of an unpublished work, all the authors of the work are nationals, domiciliaries, or habitual residents of United States, or, in the case of an unpublished audiovisual work, all the authors are legal entities with headquarters in the United States; or

3) In the case of a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work incorporated in a building or structure, the building or structure is located in United States.

United States Copyright Office (USCO):

An organization “to promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries” (U.S. Constitution, Article I, Section 8).

Useful Article:

An article having an intrinsic utilitarian function that is not merely to portray the appearance of the article or to convey information. An article that is normally part of a useful article is considered a useful article.